Notions
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bisexuality
men and women who claim to be bisexual love women and men simultaneously or at different times in their lives. Against a black and white vision that would oppose two totally separate worlds - heterosexuality and homosexuality - bisexuality brings together a wide variety of situations between the two. Used in its current meaning by doctors and psychologists at the end of the 19th century, the word "bisexuality" is rather recent (SOS Homophobie, 2020)
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Brussels effect
The Brussels Effect challenges the prevalent view that the European Union (EU) is a declining world power. It argues that notwithstanding its many obvious challenges, the EU remains an influential superpower that shapes the world in its image through a phenomenon called the “Brussels Effect.” The Brussels Effect refers to the EU’s unilateral power to regulate global markets. Without the need to resort to international institutions or seek other nations’ cooperation, the EU has the unique ability among nations today to promulgate regulations that shape the global business environment, elevating standards worldwide and leading to a notable Europeanization of many important aspects of global commerce. Different from many other forms of global influence, the Brussels Effect entails that the EU does not need to impose its standards coercively on anyone—market forces alone are often sufficient to convert the EU standard into the global standard as multinational companies voluntarily extend the EU rule to govern their global operations. In this way, the EU wields significant, unique, and highly penetrating power to unilaterally transform global markets, including through its ability to set the standards in diverse areas such as competition regulation, data protection, online hate speech, consumer health and safety, or environmental protection
Anu Bradford (2020) , “The Brussels effect- How the European Union Rules the World-”, Oxford: Oxford University press